Carolyn S. Calfee

Carolyn S. Calfee | JRNLClub

Research Statement

AI generated · Oct 26, 2026

Carolyn S. Calfee's research centers on the heterogeneity of acute respiratory distress syndrome, particularly the identification of distinct subphenotypes that respond differently to treatment. Her most-cited first-author work used latent class analysis to identify ARDS subphenotypes across two randomized trials, a framework she later extended by showing that these subphenotypes respond differently to randomized fluid management strategy and to simvastatin. Her senior-author reviews on ARDS definition, pathophysiology, and management synthesize this phenotype-driven view of the syndrome. Beyond these, her contributions include a practitioner's guide to latent class analysis that codifies the statistical approach underpinning her phenotyping work, and participation in a living WHO guideline on drugs for COVID-19. Her work on cytokine elevation in severe COVID-19 compared SARS-CoV-2 inflammation with other syndromes, informing debates about cytokine storm relevance. No software, datasets, patents, or grants are indexed beyond her publications. Across these outputs, her contribution traces a consistent line: using statistical and biological phenotyping to move ARDS and critical illness care toward targeted, mechanism-informed treatment.

Most Cited Works

From ICU Syndromes to ICU Subphenotypes: Consensus Report and Recommendations for Developing Precision Medicine in the ICU

Anthony C Gordon, Narges Alipanah-Lechner, Lieuwe D Bos, Jose Dianti, Janet V Diaz, Simon Finfer, Tomoko Fujii, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Ewan C Goligher, Michelle Ng Gong, Eleni Karakike, Vincent X Liu, Nuttha Lumlertgul, John C Marshall, David K Menon, Nuala J Meyer, Elizabeth S Munroe, Sheila N Myatra, Marlies Ostermann, Hallie C Prescott, Adrienne G Randolph, Edward J Schenck, Christopher W Seymour, Manu Shankar-Hari, Mervyn Singer, Marry R Smit, Aiko Tanaka, Fabio S Taccone, B Taylor Thompson, Lisa K Torres, Tom van der Poll, Jean-Louis Vincent

Research Areas

Respiratory Support and MechanismsSepsis Diagnosis and TreatmentNeonatal Respiratory Health ResearchInflammation biomarkers and pathwaysCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies

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Carolyn S. Calfee

Sources

Research Statement

Most Cited Works

From ICU Syndromes to ICU Subphenotypes: Consensus Report and Recommendations for Developing Precision Medicine in the ICU

Research Areas

Plasma metabolic profiling implicates dysregulated lipid metabolism and glycolytic shift in hyperinflammatory ARDS

New Insights into Clinical and Mechanistic Heterogeneity of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Summary of the Aspen Lung Conference 2021

Defining phenotypes and treatment effect heterogeneity to inform acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis trials: secondary analyses of three RCTs

Aerosolized vitamin E acetate causes oxidative injury in mice and in alveolar macrophages